Disulfiram works as a pharmacologic intervention primarily by causing a severe reaction when alcohol is consumed; this describes which concept?

• A. Aversion therapy
• B. Maintenance therapy
• C. Detoxification
• D. Immunotherapy

Answer: (A)

Aversion therapy uses a pharmacologic agent to create a negative reaction to a specific behavior. Disulfiram blocks acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, so if alcohol is consumed, acetaldehyde accumulates and triggers an unpleasant response—flushing, rapid heartbeat, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and sometimes more serious symptoms. That immediate, aversive consequence teaches the person to avoid drinking, making it a deterrent-based approach.

This differs from maintenance therapy, which aims to support ongoing abstinence or reduce cravings with long-term pharmacologic support. Detoxification is about removing alcohol from the body and managing withdrawal, not about creating a deterrent reaction. Immunotherapy is not used for alcohol use disorders and involves immune system modification rather than behavior change.